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A Digital Atlas of Sacred Geography

Saints

1113 records · Page 37/47

Remembered in Jumada al-Awwal

Saints whose death anniversary falls this Hijri month (sourced).

Prophet's Family

Imam Husayn ibn Ali

Grandson of the Prophet, son of Ali and Fatima, and the martyr of Karbala; he is known by the epithet "al-Shahid" (the martyr). He was born in Medina on 5 Sha'ban 4 (10 January 626). It is related that from the chest down he closely resembled his grandfather. At his birth the Prophet himself gave him — as he had his elder brother Hasan — a name until then little known among the Arabs, reciting the call to prayer into his ear; on the seventh day he had the aqiqa sacrifice offered and asked Fatima to distribute to the poor silver equal to the weight of the child's hair. Together with his brother Hasan he learned Qur'anic recitation from the Successor Abu Abd al-Rahman al-Sulami; he transmitted eight hadiths from his grandfather, from his mother and father, from Umar and from certain other Companions. He took no active part in the major events of the first two caliphates. Under Uthman he joined, with his brother, Sa'id b. al-As's expedition from Kufa to Khurasan (30/651); later his father charged the two of them with protecting the caliph and carrying water to his house when it was besieged by rebels. During his father's caliphate he went to Kufa and took part in all his campaigns; after his father's death he obeyed his brother in accordance with his testament. When Hasan decided to come to terms with Mu'awiya he wished to object, but his objection was refused and he desisted, going with him to Medina. After Hasan's death (49/669) and until Yazid I came to the caliphate (60/680) he devoted himself to worship, living a life of asceticism and piety. Mu'awiya's demand in 56 (676) that allegiance be given to his son Yazid disturbed Husayn as it did many Muslims. When the governor of Medina, Marwan, read out this demand in the Prophet's Mosque the people were outraged: Abd al-Rahman b. Abi Bakr objected that a system passing sovereignty from father to son was being imposed upon the Muslims, and Abdullah b. Umar and Abdullah b. al-Zubayr also refused; Husayn was of their mind. On Mu'awiya's death (60/680) Yazid instructed the governor of Medina to obtain allegiance by whatever means. Meeting the governor Walid, Husayn declared that "a man like me cannot give allegiance in secret" and that he would do so publicly the next day. Marwan advised Walid to force him or behead him; Walid refused. On the night of 28 Rajab 60 (4 May 680) Husayn set out for Mecca with all his household, save his brother Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya, who opposed such a move. Leading men of Kufa wrote letters inviting him to the caliphate. He sent his cousin Muslim b. Aqil to Kufa to assess the situation; Muslim reached the city on 5 Shawwal 60 (9 July 680) and began taking allegiance in Husayn's name. Yazid appointed Ubaydullah b. Ziyad governor of Kufa with orders to remove him. At Karbala the fighting, begun when Umar b. Sa'd advanced with his standard and loosed the first arrow, unfolded as a sheer tragedy between unequal forces; Husayn's troop of twenty-three horsemen and forty foot soldiers was soon reduced. Fighting on foot with courage at the head of these few, exhausted by heat and thirst, Husayn was assailed from every side at the command of Shimr b. Dhi'l-Jawshan, and was killed by Sinan b. Anas al-Nakha'i. Umar b. Sa'd prevented the killing of his son Ali Zayn al-Abidin, who lay ill ( 10 Muharram 61 / 10 October 680 ). The bodies of the martyrs were buried the following day by the villagers of Ghadiriyya, of the Banu Asad. This atlas entry is attached to the tomb at Karbala. His Circle of Influence — The sources relate how dearly the Prophet loved his two grandsons: he met their wishes without hesitation, played with them, carried them on his back. One day, seeing Hasan and Husayn stumbling into the mosque while he was on the pulpit, he broke off his address, came down and embraced them, recalling the verse "Your wealth and your children are but a trial" (al-Taghabun 64/15) and saying, "seeing them, I could not bear it" .

KerbelaDied 61 AHView
Prophet's Family

Al-Abbas ibn Ali

A son of Ali and one of the martyrs of Karbala; he is known by the epithet al-Saqqa ("the water-carrier") because he brought water to the Family of the Prophet. His mother was Umm al-Banin bint Hizam . The sources contain no information about Abbas's life before the events of Karbala; what is known of him gathers entirely around those few days. According to Sunni and Shi'i sources, which relate it in near-complete agreement, Abbas b. Ali was at Karbala together with Husayn. When the thirst of Husayn and those with him became unbearable, he was charged with finding water and carried out the task successfully one night; from this comes the epithet al-Saqqa . On 9 Muharram 61 (9 October 680) he negotiated with the soldiers from Kufa on Husayn's behalf, without result. When Husayn, expecting the Kufans to attack the next day, asked those with him to leave him, Abbas objected vehemently, saying: "May God never let us see such a thing." The following day, while protecting Husayn during the tragedy of Karbala, he was martyred after his brothers Abdullah, Ja'far and Uthman. His head was sent to Damascus with those of the other martyrs of Karbala; his body was buried where he fell by the Banu Asad, inhabitants of the village of Ghadiriyya. Later his present tomb was built at Karbala, on the northern side of the tomb of Husayn. His Circle of Influence — During the Muharram observances the young vie with one another, in imitation of him, to supply water to those taking part, voicing their feelings with the cry "Ya Hazrat-i Abbas!" Towards the later Abbasid period Abbas b. Ali became renowned with these same attributes among futuwwa and Sufi circles in Iran, Azerbaijan and India as well.

KerbelaDied 61 AHView
Prophets

Prophet Noah

Prophet Noah (Hz. Nuh / Nuh Nebi) is one of the great resolute (ulu'l-azm) prophets named in the Qur'an, traditionally regarded as the second father of humanity after the Great Flood. According to widespread local tradition and the accounts of historians such as Evliya Çelebi, Kâtib Çelebi and Firûzâbâdî, after the Flood he settled in Cizre, where he is believed to have died and been buried. His tomb lies beneath a wooden cenotaph in the basement to the south of the Nuh Peygamber (Hz. Nuh) Mosque that bears his name, in the Dağkapı neighbourhood of Cizre. The structure was repaired over the centuries and most recently restored as the Nuh Nebi complex. (Sources: TDV Encyclopaedia of Islam, 'Cizre' entry; Republic of Türkiye Ministry of Culture and Tourism Culture Portal, 'Hz. Nuh Mosque'; Cizre District Governorate official website, 'Nuh Peygamber Türbesi'.)

ŞırnakView
Companion

Makam (Shrine) of Bilâl-i Habeşî

A tomb-shrine in Tarsus built in memory of the Companion Bilal al-Habashi , the first muezzin of the Prophet. It is not his grave; his grave is in Damascus. His full name is Abu Abd Allah Bilal ibn Rabah al-Habashi . He was born a slave of Abyssinian origin some forty years before the Hijra (c. 581). He embraced Islam through Abu Bakr and was one of the first seven people in Mecca to declare their Islam openly. He became famous as the first to call the adhan , which the Prophet had taught, at his command, in the year 1 (622) or 2 (623) of the Hijra, and he served as the muezzin of the Messenger of God throughout his life. When Umar became caliph he left Medina and took part in the conquest of many cities and districts of Syria; it is related that in Syria, at the caliph's request, he called the adhan once and moved his listeners to tears. In the year 20 (641), in his sixties, he died in Damascus (or in Aleppo or Darayya) and was buried in the cemetery of Bab al-Saghir. His Tomb and Complex — The entry TARSUS lists among the important historic monuments of the city the tomb that the Mamluks had built in memory of Bilal al-Habashi . The entry gives no information on the building's date, its architecture, or any mosque or endowment attached to it. The entry records that Tarsus entered the lands of Islam in the reign of Caliph Umar in the year 16 (637), that it was conquered in 761 (1360) by Sayf al-Din Begtemür al-Khwarazmi, the Mamluk governor of Aleppo, and that it passed definitively under Ottoman rule in 923 (1517).

MersinDied 20 AHView
Saint

Çoban Mustafa Paşa Tomb

Çoban Mustafa Paşa was an Ottoman statesman and benefactor who served as vizier and governor of Egypt under Selim I and Süleyman the Magnificent. He died in Istanbul in 1529 and was buried in the tomb of the complex he built in Gebze, completed in 1523/24 with Mimar Sinan's contribution. (Sources: TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi; Kültür Portalı; Gebze Municipality.)

KocaeliDied 935 AHView
Scholar

Grave of Hacı Ahmet Hilmi Efendi

Hacı Ahmed Hilmi Efendi, born 1852 in Kızılcahamam, Ankara, was a late-Ottoman scholar who received Naqshbandi-Khalidi succession from Ahmed Ziyâüddîn Gümüşhânevî. He served as imam and professor at the Fevziye and Yeni Cuma mosques in İzmit and died there in 1916, buried in the Bağçeşme Martyrs' Cemetery. (Sources: Evliyalar.net; Akra Media.)

KocaeliDied 1335 AHView
Saint

Karaca Ahmet Sultan Tomb

Karaca Ahmet Sultan was an Anatolian dervish-saint who in the era of Orhan Gazi (14th century) settled in Pamukova, founded a lodge, and contributed to the area's Islamization. His Ottoman-era tomb in Paşalar village holds five family graves; the brick-and-stone vaulted structure is visited. (Sources: Sakarya University Şehir Hafızası; Ministry of Culture Sakarya Directorate; Kültür Envanteri.)

SakaryaView
Scholar

Şeyh İzzettin İsmail Tomb

Şeyh İzzettin İsmail was an early-Ottoman scholar in the Hendek region; a vakıf decree of 700 AH/1305 CE under prince Orhan Gazi granted him forest land at Çalıca, one of the earliest documented Ottoman endowments. Hendek's Şeyhler village is named after him; his black-stone tomb is visited. (Sources: Fahri Tuna (TYB); Sakarya University Şehir Hafızası.)

SakaryaView
Saint

Sarban Ahmed

Sufi and poet of the Bayrami Malamatiyya; disciple of Pir Ali Aksarayi, and successor of Ismail Ma'shuqi in the rank of qutb among the Bayrami Malamatis. He was born at Hayrabolu. What is known of his life rests largely on the information given by Nev'izade Atai in his Dhayl al-Shaqa'iq . According to Atai, he was in the sultan's service as a sarban (camel driver) on the Campaign of the Two Iraqs launched by Süleyman the Magnificent in 940 (1533-34); while the army was in Karaman he met Pir Ali Aksarayi , one of the Bayrami shaykhs, and took initiation from him at that time. The Bayrami Malamati Sarı Abdullah Efendi, in his Samarat al-fu'ad , records instead that he joined the campaign as sersarban , that Pir Ali Aksarayi discovered his aptitude and showed him favour, and that on the return from the campaign he left the army and stayed with his shaykh. According to the same author, during his spiritual training he composed many poems under the pen names Ahmedi and Kaygusuz . He then returned to Hayrabolu and carried on his work of guidance. Atai states that he was known as a man of ecstatic attraction ( jadhba ), that he was accused of heresy ( zandaqa ) on account of his spiritual temperament, yet that he was counted among the saints who had reached high spiritual ranks and possessed miraculous gifts. In this period, extremely critical for members of the order, he continued his activity without being prosecuted by the state, although some unfavourable rumours circulated about him. He died at Hayrabolu in 952 (1545). His Circle of Influence — After the execution of Ismail Ma'shuqi , son of Pir Ali Aksarayi, the rank of qutb among the Bayrami Malamatis passed to Sarban Ahmed. After him the line was continued by his disciple Husameddin Ankaravi ; Ankaravi, however, unlike his shaykh, did not escape prosecution. Another of his disciples was Alaeddin Efendi of Vize , who wrote poems under the pen name "Kaygusuz". Gazanfer Dede, trained by Alaeddin Efendi, was brought from Vize to Istanbul on a denunciation that he was a heretic and unbeliever, and was tried before the Imperial Council. His Poetry and Sufi Line — Sarı Abdullah Efendi quotes his poem that begins "I gave all I had to that Friend, no house or home is left to me / I washed my hands of it all, no two worlds are left to me" ; Müstakimzade Süleyman Sadeddin Efendi also records two of his letters and some poems he says are his. The divan registered under his name is wholly imbued with the spirit of malamat and love of the Ahl al-Bayt, and contains about 3000 couplets; in the view of the article's author, such a divan must belong to a Sufi poet who had undergone the spiritual path, a description that fits Sarban Ahmed. The attribution of the divan is disputed (see Multiple Views). His Works — Copies of the divan attributed to him are catalogued under different titles: in the Istanbul University Library as Divan-ı Ahmed Sarbani and Divan-ı Ahmed Sarban Dukakinzade , and in the Millet Library as Divan-ı Ahmedi . Hüseyin Süzer wrote a doctoral thesis on the copies registered under the name of Ahmed Sarban or Dukakinzade Ahmed Bey, and Ayfer Kayabaşı a master's thesis on two copies in the Hacı Selim Ağa Library in Üsküdar. His Tomb and Complex — A tomb was later built over his grave. Having undergone various repairs, it was renovated in recent years in an undistinguished style, and today stands within the garden of the Hayrabolu Qur'an School.

TekirdağDied 952 AHView
Saint

Hızır Baba Tomb

Hızır Baba is regarded as one of the saints of Kırklareli, said to have lived between 1358 and 1413. His tomb in the central Demirtaş neighborhood is dated to the 15th-century Ottoman period; it contains a sarcophagus within a restored building and is open to visitors. (Sources: Kültür Envanteri; Kırklareli Governorate / local records.)

KırklareliDied 1413View
Martyr

Binbiroklu Ahmet Baba Tomb

Binbiroklu Ahmet Baba was one of the first raider-commanders of the Ottoman expansion into Rumelia under Sultan Murad I, martyred during the conquest of Pınarhisar in 1369. His octagonal domed 14th-century tomb stands at the entrance of Erenler village, Pınarhisar district, open to visitors. (Sources: Kültür Portalı; Pınarhisar District Governorate; Kültür Envanteri.)

KırklareliDied 1369View
Saint

Sheikh Şerafeddin Dağıstanî

Şerâfeddin Zeynelâbidîn Dağıstanî (1875–1936) was a Naqshbandi-Khalidi sheikh born in Dagestan who migrated after the 1877–78 war and settled in Reşâdiye (today Güneyköy), Yalova. With his uncle and master Ebû Muhammed Medenî he founded the village, named 'Reşâdiye' after Sultan Mehmed Reşad visited. He died in 1936; his tomb in the Güneyköy cemetery is visited. (Sources: Wikipedia; Kültür Envanteri.)

YalovaDied 1355 AHView
Saint

Sheikh Şerafeddin Dağıstanî

Ebû Muhammed el-Medenî Dağıstanî was a Naqshbandi Sufi born in Dagestan in 1830 who emigrated around 1896, first to Bursa then to Reşâdiye (Güneyköy), Yalova. He founded the village and was the master of his nephew and successor Şerâfeddin Dağıstanî. He died in 1913; his grave lies within the same shrine as his successor in Güneyköy and is visited. (Sources: Wikipedia; Türkiye Sosyal Bilimler Sempozyumu.)

YalovaDied 1332 AHView
Saint

Konuralp (Konur Alp Gazi) Tomb

Konur Alp Gazi was a close comrade and frontier warrior of Osman Gazi and Orhan Gazi who in 1323 conquered Düzce and its surroundings from the Byzantines; the region bears his name as 'Konuralp'. His tomb in the Konuralp neighborhood of Düzce next to the historic Konuralp Mosque was restored in 2020 and is open to visitors. (Sources: Düzce Directorate of Culture and Tourism; Düzce Governorship.)

DüzceView
Ruler

Akça Koca Bey Monumental Tomb

Akça Koca Bey was a frontier gazi and companion of Orhan Gazi in the founding era of the Ottoman state, key in the conquest of Kandıra and İzmit; the province of Kocaeli is named after him. He died near Kandıra in 1328 and was buried at Baba Tepesi. A tent-shaped monumental tomb was built in 1974. (Sources: Vikipedi; Kandıra District Governorate; Kocaeli Aydınlar Ocağı.)

KocaeliDied 728 AHView
Ruler

Gazi Ömer Bey

One of the Ottoman raider (akıncı) commanders, son of Turahan Bey , conqueror of Thessaly; a frontier lord active in the Morea, Thessaly and around Athens in the reign of Sultan Mehmed the Conqueror, and builder of the Gazi Ömer Bey Mosque and Tomb in Malkara. During the preparations for the conquest of Istanbul, in December 1452, he carried out important operations together with his father and his brother Ahmed to block aid coming from the Morea. During this campaign his brother Ahmed was taken prisoner by Demetrios, Despot of Sparta, and Ömer rescued him in December 1454. After Mehmed the Conqueror's Morea campaign of 860 (1456) he was charged with guarding the region. According to the source the two brothers acted together, but Ömer Bey's name appears more often in the sources; the Byzantine historian Chalkokondyles gives ample information about him and writes that he was active as bey of Trikala. In 1456 Ömer Bey took the lower parts of Athens, and in June 1458 he became fully master of the city. The following year he was dismissed by the Conqueror, who held him responsible for the disturbances in the Morea; after the Morea campaign he was again made governor of Thessaly and the Salonica region, and in this capacity took part in the Bosnian campaign. He then returned to the Morea, hastened to relieve the fortress of Gördüs besieged by the Venetians, drove them back and advanced as far as Modon and Koron (1463). In 1466 he defeated the Venetians who had attacked Balyabadra and went to Istanbul with his captives. In 1473 he was taken prisoner during the first clashes of the Battle of Otlukbeli against Uzun Hasan. It is known that he defeated the Venetians on the Isonzo in 882 (1477) and fought the Albanians the following year. After the death of his father Turahan Bey he took over the administration of the endowment his father had founded in the village of Kırkkavak (Kırıkkavak) near Uzunköprü. He has an endowment deed dated Muharram 889 (February 1484). The source states that his endowments were very rich: he built mosques, masjids, lodges, soup kitchens, baths, caravanserais, bridges and schools in Larissa, Trikala, Tırnova, Platamona, Çatalca, Fener, İzdin, Livadia, Serres, Drama, Malkara and Smederevo. His mosque in Malkara was built, according to the inscription over its portal, in 893 (1488); since the mosque and madrasa his father had built in Malkara have not survived, the source considers it possible that Ömer Bey had the old building pulled down and a new mosque built in its place. He died in Rabi' al-Akhir 908 (October 1502) and was buried in the tomb beside the mosque he had built in Malkara; Oruç Bey writes that he was ninety-six years old. Of his sons, Hasan Bey was a local administrator and has an endowment deed dated Shawwal 937 (May 1531); İdris Bey , who held the sanjaks of Niğde and Bayburt, won fame as a poet according to the biographical works of the time; another son named Durak Bey also served as a sanjak governor. His sons Hasan, Mustafa, Hamza, Eyüb and İbrahim beys are also recorded as having built charitable works. That Hasan Bey's son Ömer Bey appears as a raider commander in 961 (1554) indicates that the family kept up its tradition. His Tomb and Complex — The tomb stands in the courtyard of the mosque in the market area of central Malkara, immediately to the left (north-east) of the mosque. The three-line thuluth inscription in the tympanum over its door is dated 908 (1502); exactly when the tomb was built is not known. Octagonal and domed, the tomb is built of finely cut küfeki stone; traces show that a portico once stood before its door. Inside there is only Ömer Bey's stone sarcophagus. Restored together with the mosque in 2005, it has been made clean and well kept and is open for worship and visits.

TekirdağDied 908 AHView
Ruler

Hızırbey Tomb

Hızır Bey is remembered as one of Orhan Gazi's commanders in the early Ottoman period, credited locally with a role in the Islamization of the Devrek-Özbağı area. His tomb on a hilltop in Özbağı village, Devrek district of Zonguldak, is visited locally and is a registered cultural asset. (Sources: Western Black Sea Development Agency Tourism Master Plan; Visit Zonguldak portal.)

ZonguldakView
Scholar

Buharalı Şeyh Şakir Efendi Tomb

Buharalı Şeyh Şakir Efendi was a Bukhara-born scholar and Sufi in 19th-century Ordu. He came during the Crimean War, taught at the Osman Pasha Madrasa, and led the Qadiri lodge. He died in 1293/1877. His grave in Selimiye, Altınordu, on the street bearing his name, was restored by Ordu Metropolitan Municipality and opened to visitors. (Sources: TDV; Ordu Metropolitan Municipality; Ordu Hür Ses Gazetesi.)

OrduDied 1293 AHView
Scholar

Şeyh Osman Niyazi Efendi Tomb

Şeyh Osman Niyazi Efendi was born in 1828 in Kolekli village, Güneyce (İkizdere), Rize. A khalifa of Ahmed Ziyaeddin Gümüşhanevi, he was sent to guide the Eastern Black Sea and built a wooden mosque-lodge at Kolekli (1888). He died on 1 April 1909; per his will his remains were moved in 1946 beside his mosque-lodge in Kolekli, where his iron-domed tomb is visited. (Source: İsmail Kara, Dergâh Publications; Eastern Black Sea Cultural Inventory.)

RizeDied 1327 AHView
Scholar

Berdeî Sultan

Berdeî Sultan was a scholar and Sufi of Khorasanian/Azerbaijani origin who settled in Eğirdir in the 14th century at the invitation of Hızır Bey. He is buried in the Yazla neighborhood on the shore of Lake Eğirdir and is remembered as the teacher of scholars such as Piri Halife. (Sources: Isparta Directorate of Culture and Tourism; History Studies journal.)

IspartaDied 1364View
Saint

Veli Dede

Veli Dede is remembered as a 14th-century physician-saint who treated mental and spiritual illnesses in Onacak village, Yeşilova district of Burdur. His decagonal tomb, a rare form in Anatolia, is estimated about eight centuries old and was restored in 2018 by the Directorate of Foundations. (Sources: Burdur Directorate of Culture and Tourism; Kültür Portalı; İpek İpekçioğlu survey report.)

BurdurView
Companion

Ashâb-ı Kehf (Seven Sleepers) Cave

The Ashâb-ı Kehf (Seven Sleepers) are the young believers in Surah al-Kahf (verses 9-26) who took refuge in a cave and were awakened after sleeping for centuries. The cave in Dedeler village 12 km north of Tarsus is popularly accepted as the site of this story; a mosque was built above it in 1873. It is a faith-tourism site. (Sources: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam 'Tarsus'; Tarsus District Governorate; Kültür Portalı.)

MersinView
Saint

Cumayanı Evliya (Ebu Secaeddin Ahmet Dede) Tomb

Ebu Secaeddin (Şecaeddin) Ahmet Dede, by tradition among the first Turkish tribes to settle the Akçakoca region in the Seljuk period, is, with his brother Kaplan Dede, regarded as a spiritual leader of the area. His tomb in the Cumayanı locality of Göktepe village (Akçakoca) stands beside the historic nail-free wooden Evliya Mosque; locals visit seeking healing, marriage and offspring (registered in 1995). (Sources: Kültür Portalı; Düzce BelTUR.)

DüzceView
Saint

Şeyh Yunus Emre Tomb

On Şeyh Yunus Hill in the Yunusemre quarter of Ünye, this türbe is popularly attributed to the Sufi poet Yunus Emre (c.1240-1320); local tradition holds the person buried here was 'Topal Yusuf Baba'. Yunus Emre's true burial place is disputed across Anatolia. The Ünye site is a first-degree protected area, open as a complex with mosque, fountain and semah area. (Sources: Ünye Municipality; Ordu Directorate of Culture and Tourism; TDV 'Yûnus Emre'.)

OrduDied 720 AHView