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The founder of the Ahmediyye branch of the Halvetiyye; a Sufi and author known by the epithet Yiğitbaşı.
He was born in 839 (1435) in a village near Akhisar. He received his first education from his father İsâ Halîfe, who was a Halvetî sheikh. After studying the exoteric sciences he drew benefit from Alâeddin Uşşâkī, a Halvetî guide living in the village of Kabaklı near Uşak.
He afterwards settled at Manisa and began to train disciples there. When he went to Istanbul in order to settle the disputes between the orders and succeeded in doing so, he was given the epithet Yiğitbaşı (fatâ'l-fityân). After the death of his sheikh Alâeddin Uşşâkī he succeeded him and carried on the work of guidance at Manisa.
He died in 910 (1504).
His Circle of Influence — The Ahmediyye branch of the Halvetiyye is attributed to him. After him this branch divided into four sub-branches: Ramazâniyye, Sinâniyye, Uşşâkıyye and Mısriyye. His influence thus did not remain confined to a single lodge but became one of the principal channels of the spread of the Halvetiyye in Anatolia and Rumelia.
His Poetry and Sufi Line — His treatises treat the theoretical and the practical sides of Sufism together: in verse he takes up such subjects as the divine attributes, the perfect guide, the love of God, the world, manifestation, the vision of God and the self; in prose, such subjects as belief, the sharia, instruction, remembrance, the divine unity and the realities of the human being. That he wrote a simplified text for disciples shows that he took care that what he wrote should be read.
His Works — Eleven treatises of his have been identified. 1. Câmiu'l-esrâr (in verse; the divine attributes, the perfect guide, the love of God, the world, manifestation, the vision of God and the self). 2. Risâle-i Tevhîd (in prose; belief, the sharia, mâye, instruction, remembrance, the divine unity and the realities of the human being). 3. Keşfü'l-esrâr (a simplified prose text for disciples). 4. Ravzatü'l-vâsılîn (questions of the divine unity and the interpretation of dreams). 5. Atvâr-ı Seb'a (an exposition of the stages of the spiritual path). 6. Risâletü'l-hüdâ (Sufi counsels). 7. Kenzü'l-hakāyık (the attributes of God). 8. Hurde-i Tarîkat (the etiquette of the order). 9. Tabakātü'l-evliyâ (on the abdâl, the evtâd and the gawth). 10. Mukaddimetü's-sâliha (the people of the sunna, the godfearing, the ascetics, and the states of sheikh and disciple). 11. İrfânü'l-maârif (the methods of guidance of the scholars of the outward and the inward).
His Tomb and Complex — It is in the Seyyid Hoca quarter of Manisa. Beside his tomb there was a lodge of his; in place of the ruined lodge a mosque was built by the Yiğitbaşı Foundation.
Sources
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) — Süleyman Uludağ · vol. 2, pp. 135-136, entry “AHMED ŞEMSEDDİN, Yiğitbaşı”
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