Born Muhammad Darwis, Ahmad Dahlan (1868-1923) was the scholar and Islamic reformer who founded the Muhammadiyah organization in Yogyakarta in 1912. After studying in Mecca he returned home to work on education, social service, and religious reform. He is honoured as an Indonesian national hero, and his grave in the Karangkajen cemetery of Yogyakarta receives many pilgrims.