Teungku Chik di Tiro (Muhammad Saman, 1836â1891) was an Acehnese ulama and jihad leader from a distinguished scholarly family. He taught religious sciences at Dayah Tiro alongside his uncle Teungku Chik Muhammad Amin; after the hajj he embraced the struggle against colonialism. In 1880 he issued a call to jihad summoning all Acehnese â ulama and commoners alike â against the Dutch, becoming the spiritual leader of the Aceh War. He was martyred by poisoning in 1891; his grave at the family graveyard in Meureu, Aceh Besar, is a site of visitation.