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The Sufi who established the Suhrawardiyya in India; the greatest shaykh of Multan.
His full name was Abû Muhammad Bahâ' al-Dîn Zakariyyâ b. Wajîh al-Dîn b. Kamâl al-Dîn al-Multânî. He was born in the village of Kot Karur near Multan in the Punjab.
After a course of study lasting fifteen years he went to Khurâsân and Bukhara, and thence to the Hijaz, where he stayed five years. At Medina he received authorisation from Shaykh Kamâl al-Dîn Muhammad al-Yamanî.
He completed his spiritual course at Baghdad with Shihâb al-Dîn 'Umar al-Suhrawardî; the source records that this training was completed in seventeen days. In this way he entered the Suhrawardiyya.
He then settled at Multan and founded his lodge there.
His Circle of Influence — His successor was his son Sadr al-Dîn 'Ârif. His most famous student was the poet and mystic Fakhr al-Dîn al-'Irâqî, to whom he married his daughter. The Bahâ'iyya branch is named after him; the spread of the Suhrawardiyya in India is largely his work.
His Works — He compiled a collection of hadith, but that work has been lost; his Wasâyâ, preserved in later sources, and the Munâjât-i Pîr Dastgîr have come down to our day.
His Tomb and Complex — His shrine within the old fortress of Multan is still today a place of visitation.
Differing Scholarly Views
The date of his birth is not single: the sources give the years 565 (1169-1170), 566 (1170-1171) and 578 (1182-1183).
The date of his death is disputed as well: Safar of the year 661 (1262) and the year 666 (1267) are reported together. The atlas makes no choice among these dates (rule #9, principle 3).
Sources
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) — Mustafa Aşkar · vol. 4, pp. 462-463, entry “BAHÂEDDİN ZEKERİYY”
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Permanent ID: EA-Z-000424 · this address reaches the same record even if its name changes; use it when citing.