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Saints

A Digital Atlas of Sacred Geography

Saints

1004 records · Page 7/42

Abu al-Hasan Ali al-Hakkari

Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Ahmad al-Hakkari (d. 486/1093) was a Sufi and scholar of law and hadith associated with the mountainous Hakkari region north of Mosul. In the Qadiri chain he received the path from Abu al-Faraj al-Tarsusi and became the master of Abu Sa'id al-Mubarak al-Makhzumi; he is named in the initiatic chain given in the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam's "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" article. His grave is held to lie in the Hakkari region, but its exact location cannot be cross-verified. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" [silsila]; Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam.)

Hekkâriye bölgesiDied 486 AHView →

Muhammad al-Zajjaj (Abu Amr al-Zajjaji)

Abu Amr Muhammad ibn Ibrahim al-Zajjaji al-Naysaburi (d. 348/959) was an early Sufi associated with the Baghdad school. Born in Nishapur, he joined the circle of Junayd al-Baghdadi in Baghdad and also kept the company of masters such as Abu Uthman al-Hiri and Ruwaym ibn Ahmad. He spent a long portion of his life as a pious resident (mujawir) of Mecca; classical biographical works such as al-Qushayri's Risala and al-Sulami's Tabaqat al-Sufiyya record his death in 348 AH (959 CE). In the Mevlevi spiritual chain transmitted by Aflaki and cited in the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam ('Mevleviyye'), he is the link between Junayd al-Baghdadi and Abu Bakr al-Nassaj. As the location of his grave is not reliably known, no map pin is given.

BağdatDied 348 AHView →

Abu Bakr al-Shibli

Abu Bakr Dulaf ibn Jahdar al-Shibli (247/861-334/946) was a great Sufi of the Baghdad school who abandoned a governorship for the mystical path and reached maturity under Junayd al-Baghdadi. Junayd called him "the crown of the Sufis"; he was renowned for his profound utterances on gnosis and divine unity, for his ecstatic paradoxes, and as a close companion of al-Hallaj. He is the link after Junayd in the Qadiri chain; his tomb lies in the Khayzuran Cemetery in Baghdad's al-A'zamiyah district, though its precise coordinates lack a second independent source. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Şiblî, Ebû Bekir"; al-Qushayri, al-Risala.)

BağdatDied 334 AHView →

Sayyid Jamal al-Din al-Tabrizi

A sayyid Sufi of Tabriz; successor of Shihab al-Din Mahmud al-Tabrizi and master of Ibrahim Zahid al-Gilani — the TDV encyclopedia traces Ibrahim Zahid's chain through him to Abu al-Najib al-Suhrawardi. He has no standalone TDV entry; his death date is uncertain (7th/13th century) and no reliable record of his grave exists. (Sources: TDV 'Ibrahim Zahid-i Gilani'; TDV 'Zahidiyya'.)

Ibrahim Zahid al-Gilani

Ibrahim Zahid al-Gilani (c. 615/1218 – 700/1301) was born in the Siyavrud district of Gilan; he became a disciple of Sayyid Jamal al-Din al-Tabrizi and the pir of the Zahidiyya order. His successors include Safi al-Din al-Ardabili (his son-in-law, founder of the Safaviyya) and Akhi Muhammad al-Khalwati, the opening link of the Khalwatiyya. According to the TDV encyclopedia he died in Siyavrud; his grave is disputed — both the mausoleum in Shikhakaran village of Lankaran, Azerbaijan (said to have been relocated in the 17th century after Caspian flooding; rebuilt in 2006) and the Sheikh Zahed shrine at Lahijan, Iran, are attributed to him, so no coordinates are given. (Sources: TDV 'Ibrahim Zahid-i Gilani'; TDV 'Zahidiyya'.)

LenkeranDied 700 AHView →

Dawud al-Ta'i

Abu Sulayman Dawud ibn Nusayr al-Ta'i (d. 165/781) was a jurist among the leading students of Abu Hanifa in Kufa who abandoned scholarship for asceticism, becoming a great figure of early Sufism. He led a life of strict discipline built on minimal food, speech and sleep, and as the spiritual master of Ma'ruf al-Karkhi he forms the link after Habib al-Ajami in the Sufi chains. In accordance with his bequest he was buried in an unmarked, secluded spot, so the exact location of his grave is unknown. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Dâvûd et-Tâî"; Attar, Tadhkirat al-Awliya.)

KûfeDied 165 AHView →

Abu al-Fadl Abd al-Wahid al-Tamimi

Abu al-Fadl Abd al-Wahid al-Tamimi (d. 425/1033) was a Hanbali scholar and Sufi of Baghdad, the link between Abu Bakr al-Shibli and Abu al-Faraj al-Tarsusi in the Qadiri chain. He is named in the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam's "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" article within the initiatic chain reaching back to Junayd al-Baghdadi. What is known of him is largely confined to the silsila records, and the exact location of his grave is unknown. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" [silsila]; Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam.)

BağdatDied 425 AHView →

Muhammad Baba Sammasi

Born in the village of Sammas in the Ramitan area of Bukhara; in the Khwajagan chain he is the successor appointed by Ali al-Ramitani on his deathbed, and is counted fifth among the 'Seven Pirs' of Bukhara. He is related to have foretold the birth of Baha al-Din Naqshband, adopted him as a spiritual son and entrusted his training to his chief disciple Amir Kulal. According to the TDV encyclopedia he died in 736 AH (1336 CE) (Naqshbandi sources also transmit 755/1354); his grave is in Sammas village, within a restored mosque-and-pool shrine complex. (Sources: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam 'MUHAMMED BÂBÂ SEMMÂSÎ'; Encyclopaedia Iranica 'BĀBĀ SAMMĀSĪ'.)

Buhara (Râmîtan)Died 736 AHView →

Hajji Izz al-Din al-Turkmani

Hajji Izz al-Din al-Turkmani (d. 828/1425) was the successor of Akhi Miram and the master of Sadr al-Din al-Khiyawi, the link by which the Khalwati chain extended into Shirvan. Little independent biographical record survives; as his centre of activity and grave are not firmly known, no coordinates are given. (Sources: TDV 'Khalwatiyya'; M. Rihtim, Seyid Yahya Bakuvi and Khalwatism, Baku 2005.)

ŞirvanDied 828 AHView →

Mahmud Injir Faghnawi

Born in the village of Injir Faghna (today Anjirbog') in the Vobkent district of Bukhara; in the Khwajagan chain he is the chief successor of Arif Riwgari and is counted third among the 'Seven Pirs' of Bukhara. He was the first in the Khwajagan tradition to practise vocal (jahri) dhikr; the chain continued through his foremost successor Ali al-Ramitani. According to the TDV encyclopedia he died in 685 AH (1286 CE) (silsila records also transmit 715/1315 and 717/1317); his grave is in his native village, in a shrine restored in the independence era. (Sources: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam 'FAĞNEVÎ'; National Encyclopedia of Uzbekistan.)

Buhara (Vâbkent)Died 685 AHView →

Akhi Muhammad al-Khalwati

Shaykh Abu al-Fuyudat Karim al-Din Muhammad al-Khwarizmi, known as Akhi Muhammad al-Khalwati (d. 780/1378-79), was a successor of Ibrahim Zahid al-Gilani; through him the Khalwati chain branches off from the Zahidiyya. His nephew and disciple Pir Umar al-Khalwati became the founding pir of the order. Bearing the nisba al-Khwarizmi, he was active in the Gilan-Azerbaijan region; as his burial place is not firmly known, no coordinates are given. (Sources: TDV 'Khalwatiyya'; TDV 'Umar al-Khalwati'.)

GîlânDied 780 AHView →

Habib al-Ajami

Habib al-Ajami (d. 130/747-48; some sources give dates between 113 and 125 AH) was a Basran ascetic of Persian origin, hence his epithet "al-Ajami" (the Persian). Trained in the circle of Hasan al-Basri, he repented of usury and devoted himself to worship, becoming famed as a saint whose prayers were answered. He is the link between Hasan al-Basri and Dawud al-Ta'i in the chains of major orders including the Qadiriyya, Naqshbandiyya and Mevleviyya; his grave in Basra is a place of visitation, though its exact location is not verified by two independent sources. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Habîb el-Acemî"; Attar, Tadhkirat al-Awliya.)

BasraDied 130 AHView →

Mumshad al-Dinawari

Mumshad al-Dinawari (d. 299/912) was an early Sufi associated with the city of Dinawar in Iran who kept the company of Junayd al-Baghdadi. Known for his emphasis on chivalry (futuwwa) and spiritual courtesy, he is recorded as the link after Junayd in the chains of several orders, foremost the Khalwatiyya. Since the sources differ on his place of death and burial, naming both Dinawar and Baghdad, the exact location of his grave is disputed. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Cüneyd-i Bağdâdî"; al-Hujwiri, Kashf al-Mahjub.)

DîneverDied 299 AHView →

Muhammad al-Dinawari

Abu Abdullah Muhammad al-Dinawari (d. 370/981) was a Sufi associated with Dinawar, recorded in the Khalwati chain as the link after Mumshad al-Dinawari. He transmitted the lineage to later generations through Muhammad al-Bakri, and his name appears in the silsila preserved in the Khalwati source Lemezat-ı Hulviyye. What is known of him is largely confined to silsila records, and the location of his grave is unknown. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Lemezât" [silsila]; Hulvi, Lemezat-ı Hulviyye.)

DîneverDied 370 AHView →

Abu al-Faraj al-Tarsusi

Abu al-Faraj Yusuf al-Tarsusi (d. 447/1055) was a Sufi of Baghdad, the link between Abd al-Wahid al-Tamimi and Abu al-Hasan al-Hakkari in the Qadiri chain. He is cited in the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam's "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" article within the initiatic chain reaching back to Junayd al-Baghdadi. Information on his life is limited to silsila and hagiographic records, and the exact location of his grave is unknown. (Source: TDV Encyclopedia of Islam "Abdülkādir-i Geylânî" [silsila]; Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam.)

BağdatDied 447 AHView →

Abu Bakr al-Nassaj al-Tusi

Abu Bakr al-Nassaj al-Tusi (d. 487/1094) was a leading Sufi master of Khurasan. He lived in Tus and was a disciple and successor of Abu al-Qasim al-Gurgani (d. 450/1058). His most renowned student was Ahmad al-Ghazali, who according to the TDV Encyclopedia of Islam ('Ahmed el-Gazzâlî') attended his scholarly circles; academic literature also records contact with Imam al-Ghazali. He is counted among the representatives of the ecstatic, love-centered Khurasani temperament, which through his student Ahmad al-Ghazali profoundly shaped Persian love mysticism. In the Mevlevi chain transmitted by Aflaki he is the link between Muhammad al-Zajjaj and Ahmad al-Ghazali (TDV, 'Mevleviyye'). His grave is traditionally placed in Tus, but as its location could not be verified by two independent sources, no map pin is given.

TûsDied 487 AHView →

Muhammad Ma'sum Sirhindi

Muhammad Ma'sum Sirhindi, third son of Imam Rabbani and known as 'Urwat al-Wuthqa', led the Mujaddidi order after his father's death in 1624. Through numerous deputies he spread the branch to the Hijaz, Central Asia and Anatolia, and his Maktubat, translated into Turkish and Urdu, exerted wide influence. He died on 9 Rabi' al-Awwal 1079 (17 August 1668) and was buried in Sirhind, in the Rauza Sharif garden about a hundred metres from his father's grave; as no separately cross-verified coordinates exist for his own tomb, no pin is given. (Source: TDV 'Muhammed Ma'sûm Sirhindî'; Rizvi, A History of Sufism in India.)

SirhindDied 1079 AHView →

Yusuf al-Harputi

A Naqshbandi scholar born in 1822 (AH 1238) in Zermek (Yeldeğirmeni) village of the Kiğı district of Bingöl, educated in Erzurum. He authored 'Imad al-Islam' on matters of faith and worship and is said to descend from the Prophet. He died in 1908 (AH 1326) in his native village and was buried in his home's garden, where his sons built a tomb; it was damaged in a 1987 landslide and later restored. (Sources: Yılmaz Irmak, 'Türbes and Visitation Sites in Bingöl', Anemon Journal; Bingöl Provincial Directorate inventory)

BingölDied 1326 AHView →

Shaykh Abdullah al-Malakani

The shaykh who founded the Khalidi-Naqshbandi tradition in Melekan (Mutluca) village of the Solhan district of Bingöl, descended from the pious scholarly family of Molla Mustafa (Male Kal). He received his order's authorization from Shaykh Ali Septi and became head of the Melekan lodge after his master's death. He died around 1877 at about ninety, designating his nephew Shaykh Mahmud as successor; his tomb is in Melekan village. (Sources: M. Şirin Ayiş, Mawlana Khalid Symposium 2017, Bingöl University; Evliyalar.net)

BingölDied 1294 AHView →

Shaykh Sulayman al-Kuri

A Naqshbandi shaykh born around 1790 (AH 1205) in Kûr (Dikme) village of the Kiğı area of Bingöl. He studied under Shaykh Ali Septi in Palu and founded seminaries in Kûr and later Uzunsavat. He died in 1887 in Uzunsavat and was buried in the village cemetery; due to dam construction his grave was relocated in 1998 with the family's consent to a high hill in the village. (Sources: M. Şirin Ayiş, Mawlana Khalid Symposium 2017, Bingöl University; Bingöl tomb inventory)

BingölDied 1304 AHView →

Shaykh Fakhraddin al-Arnasi

A Naqshbandi-Khalidi scholar and guide, renowned especially for his mastery of Islamic jurisprudence. Born in 1910 in Arnas (Bağlarbaşı) village of Midyat, he received learning and authorization from Shaykh Sayda of Cizre (1955). He served as imam of Batman's Great Mosque and trained many students. He died on 1 February 1972 and was buried in the family cemetery in Korik village, Batman center. (Sources: Evliyalar.net; haberinkapisi.com; seyhfahreddin.com)

BatmanDied 1391 AHView →

Molla Rasul al-Iluhi (Green Tomb)

A self-taught scholar named after İluh, the old name of Batman; according to his tomb inscription he authored a work titled Hayat al-Hilal on the rules of fasting. The inscription, in Turkish and Kurdish, records that he lived from 1868 to 1913. His grave stands in the central Çarşı quarter of Batman on a former cemetery site, popularly known as the 'Green Tomb,' and was left in place even during road construction. (Sources: Batman Rehber Gazetesi; Evliyalar.net)

BatmanDied 1331 AHView →

Shaykh Abu Bakr al-Malakani

Born in 1896 in Melekan village of the Solhan district of Bingöl, son of Shaykh Mahmud of the Malakani family of shaykhs. In 1931 Shaykh Abdülmecid (Shaykh Keke), returning from pilgrimage, granted him authorization, making him head of the Naqshbandi-Khalidi lodge of Melekan. He led the spread of the Naqshbandi-Khalidi order across the Muş, Bulanık, Malazgirt, Ağrı and Erzurum regions; his tomb is in Melekan (Mutluca) village. (Sources: M. Şirin Ayiş, Mawlana Khalid Symposium 2017, Bingöl University; Evliyalar.net)

BingölView →

Shaykh Mahmud (Kozluk)

A saint widely venerated at his tomb in Yukarı Kıratlı village of Kozluk; according to tradition he came from Basra and settled in the region. A weapon called 'Zerk' said to be his is kept at the tomb, and a large pilgrimage is held on the third Friday of May. Because traditions about his era conflict (era of Caliph Umar / roughly 700 years ago), his dating is uncertain and the site carries a maqam/legendary character. (Sources: Batman Kültür Envanteri; İLKHA news)

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