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The founder of the Idrîsid dynasty; in Morocco he is called Mawlây Idrîs.
His full name was Idrîs b. 'Abdillâh b. al-Hasan b. al-Hasan b. 'Alî b. Abî Tâlib; his descent reaches 'Alî by way of Hasan.
He took part in the rising of Husayn b. 'Alî, known as Sâhib Fakhkh; this rising was put down by the Abbasid army on 8 Dhu al-Hijja of the year 169 (11 June 786).
With the help of his servant Râshid and of pilgrims from the Maghrib he crossed the Red Sea to Nubia, thence to Fustât, and at last reached the Maghrib.
Coming to an agreement with Abû Laylâ Ishâq b. Muhammad, the chief of the Awraba tribe, he went to Walîla in the region of Zerhûn between Fez and Meknes, and on 4 Ramadân of the year 172 (5 February 789) received the pledge of the people of the town.
Gathering the Berber tribes about him he conquered Tâdlâ, Salâ and Tâmasnâ; in Safar of the year 174 (July 790) he entered Tlemcen and brought the region under his control.
He was poisoned by al-Shammâkh, sent by Hârûn al-Rashîd, and killed on 1 Rabî' al-âkhir of the year 177 (16 July 793).
His Circle of Influence — The dynasty he founded was the beginning of a state that would last in the far Maghrib for close on three centuries. After his death his son Idrîs II, born of his pregnant concubine, carried the dynasty on.
His Tomb and Complex — He was buried at Zerhûn; the town known today by his name, Moulay Idriss, grew up around this grave.
Differing Scholarly Views
📌 To the editor: The source gives the date of his death as 1 Rabî' al-âkhir of the year 177 (16 July 793), whereas in the atlas record the death is given as 175 (791). The difference has been recorded and the date fields have not been changed; the choice is left to the people of learning (rule #9, principles 1 and 6).
Sources
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) · vol. 21, pp. 495-497, entry “İdrîsîler”
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) — Muhammed Rezûk · vol. 21, p. 484, entry “İDRÎS I”
The sources for this record are listed below (Mandatory Sources).
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Permanent ID: EA-Z-000404 · this address reaches the same record even if its name changes; use it when citing.