This text was translated from the Turkish original by AI; no person has reviewed it yet. The original is on the Turkish page.
The grandson of the Prophet; the elder son of 'Alî and Fâtima.
His full name was Abû Muhammad al-Hasan b. 'Alî b. Abî Tâlib al-Qurashî al-Hâshimî. He was born at Medina in Sha'bân of the third year of the Hijra (January-February 625); one report gives his birth as 15 Ramadân.
The Messenger of God himself gave him the name Hasan and the patronymic Abû Muhammad; he recited the call to prayer in his ear and an 'aqîqa sacrifice was made on his seventh day.
After the killing of his father — on 19 or 21 Ramadân of the year 40 (26 or 28 January 661) — the pledge was given to him at Kûfa on the same day or two days later.
To prevent the shedding of blood he made an agreement of six articles with Mu'âwiya on 25 Rabî' al-awwal of the year 41 (29 July 661): no one of the Iraqis would be arrested in revenge, everyone would be in safety, offences would be pardoned, the land tax of Ahwâz would be paid yearly, Husayn would be given two million dirhams, and the Banû Hâshim would be treated as the Banû Umayya were. The year in which the Muslims were gathered under a single rule has been called the 'Âm al-Jamâ'a (the year of union).
He then withdrew to Medina and passed the rest of his life there. He died on 28 Safar of the year 49 (7 April 669).
His Circle of Influence — He transmitted thirteen hadiths in all from the Messenger of God, from his mother and from his father. The sons whose names the historians give are Zayd, Hasan, Qâsim, Abû Bakr, 'Abdullâh, 'Amr, 'Abd al-Rahmân, Husayn, Muhammad, Ya'qûb, Ismâ'îl and Talha; his line continued through Hasan al-Muthannâ and Zayd.
His Tomb and Complex — He was buried in the Jannat al-Baqî' beside his mother.
A dome had been built over his grave in 529 (1135) in the time of the caliph al-Mustarshid bi'llâh. The tombs and gravestones at the Baqî' were demolished in 1806 by Su'ûd b. 'Abd al-'Azîz; the structures later rebuilt were destroyed again in 1926 in the time of 'Abd al-'Azîz b. Su'ûd. Today there is neither tomb nor gravestone in the cemetery, and the ground continues to be used for burial.
Differing Scholarly Views
The length of his caliphate is disputed: the sources give it as four months and three days or as six months and three days.
The cause of his death. It is reported that he was poisoned by his wife Ja'da bint al-Ash'ath. The atlas conveys this report in the form in which the source records it, as a report, and passes no definite judgement on it (rule #9, principle 3).
The objection to his burial. Marwân b. al-Hakam prevented the first request that he be buried beside the Messenger of God; thereupon he was buried beside his mother.
📌 To the editor: The source gives the date of his death as 49 (7 April 669), whereas the atlas record has the year of death as 670. The difference has been recorded; the choice is left to the people of learning (rule #9, principles 1 and 6).
Sources
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) — Ethem Ruhi Fığlalı · vol. 16, pp. 282-285, entry “HASAN”
- TDV İslâm Ansiklopedisi (DİA) — Mustafa Fayda · vol. 7, p. 387, entry “CENNETÜ'l-BAKĪ'”
The sources for this record are listed below (Mandatory Sources).
Spotted an error in this record? Suggest a correction with its source
Permanent ID: EA-Z-000153 · this address reaches the same record even if its name changes; use it when citing.